Pump for internal-combustion engines.



H. LEMP.

PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. 1912.

1 1 8 1 ,777 Patented May 2, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET I.

l Vl'tnesse sr Inventor:

68 Hermann Lem o,

His J ttc rn 2y H. LEMP.

Patented May 2, 1916.

4 SHEETS-SHEET 2- I l 0 l iliiyllz--- 1 a Lm APPLICATION FILED FEB. 9. I912.

Inventor-: Hermann Lemp',

HisJqttor-n e y.

PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

g itnessesq H. LEMP.

PUMP FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED FEB-9.19m.

Patented May 2, 1916.

4 SHEETSSHEET 4.

5 .o 7 6 2 I 2 W 4 l 2 r 1 w/v/ Z 1 WM. 7 3. 4

WAEEEEEI y 3% M wm 1 x 1m 5 Vl l'tnessesr UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

HEBMANN LEMP, OF ERIE, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR TO GENERAL ELEGTRIC COMPANY, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

PUMP FOB INTERNALCOMBUSTION ENGINES.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, HERMANN LEMP, a citizen of the United States, residing at Erie, county of Erie, State of Pennsyl- Vania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Pumps for Internal- Combustion Engines, of which the following is a specification.

The present invention relates to pumps for supplying fuel to internal combustion engines of the type wherein a charge of air or other gas is compressed in the working cylinder to a point where its temperature is sufiicient to ignite the fuel which is introduced by the pump. In such an engine the pressure due to compre$ion is high and obviously the fuel must be discharged into the engine cylinder at a pressure greater than that due to compression. As a result of this the requirements of the fuel pump are pretty severe, especially'as said pump must be arranged to vary the amount of fuel supplied to the engine cylinder or cylinders in accordance with the load requirements My invention has for its object to provide a pump of superior construction and certainty of operation to fulfil the requirements above s ecified.

Brie y stated, my invention comprises a pump of the displacement type, thereby dispensing-with all suction valves which are a common source of trouble in fuel pumps; this being particularly true of valves which are held against their seats by springs and are raisedby the suction effect of the plungers. The pump may have one or more cylinders and plungers as desired. I prefer to use as many cylinders and plungers 5 there are cylinders to the engine. Assuming for convenience of description a single pump element, the plunger is driven by the engine and at a speed bearing a. direct relation thereto. In a constant speed engine, to which my invention ismore particularly addressed, the speed of the pump Will be constant, and usually less than that of the main engine shaft. This is best accomplished by driving it from the cam shaft of the engine. The plunger is arranged to have at all times a constant or invariable length of stroke, thereby making for simplicity by reducing the number of parts. Since the pump must deliver amounts of oil to the engine in proportion to the load. it is necessary to provide means for attaining this result. To

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented May 2, 1916.

Application filed February 9, 1912. Serial No. 678,581.

this end I interpose a'rocking lever between the driving means which has a constant length of stroke, such as an eccentric on the cam shaft, and the pump plunger and vary the position of its fulcrum as the demand for fuel'changes, thereby changing the region of reciprocation of the plunger. The fulcrum is carried by a device such as a iston within a cylinder, which is movable, sensitive to pressure changes of a column of fluid.- The fluid for this'column is su plied by what for convenience may e termed an auxiliary or fulcrum adjusting pump. As a matter of simplicity it pumps fuel oil to said cylinder in a manner to cause it to act on said piston, but any other liquid will do just as well, but if two different kinds of liquid are used, means must be pro"- vided to keep them separate. Furthermore, such arrangement has the advantage that any leakage can be returned to the tank in which the fuel pump and the fulcrum actuating pump are located. Looking at the matter from another point of view, the rocking pump-actuating lever has a floating pivot whose position at any given instant is dependent upon the load on the engine.

The auxiliary pump is provided with the usual suction and discharge valves and the length of its plunger stroke is constant although its region of reciprocation changes with that of the fuel pump plunger, being coordinated in its movements therewith. Owing to the use of suction and discharge valves, the'auxiliary pump discharges a constant amount of liquid at each stroke notwithstanding the changes in the region of motion. Without some means for disposing of some of the liquid thus discharged by the auxiliary pump, it is evident that the piston carrying the fulcrum of the lever would have to keep moving or something would break. Since the position of the fulcrum must be adjusted in accordance with the load, I avoid the objections just noted and also insure its proper setting by providing the cylinder with a return pipe of fixed limited cross sectional area and the auxiliary pump with a bypass or relief valve which is subject to the control of a speed governor driven by the engine. As the load increases more liquid is discharged by the auxiliary pump to the cylinder containing the fulcrum carrying piston and less as it de creases: this being controlled solely by the speed governor. The bypass or relief valve may be located at any suitable and con venient point. I find it best to locate it near the auxiliary pump and in the tank conta' 7 'the pumps so that it will be submerge in liquid and so that the liquid;by-

passed will be available for use in both of the pumps.

In the case of a multi-cylinder fuel pump only one auxiliary or fulcrum adjusting pump'is necessary, providing all of the fuel pump plungers are actuated by the same rocking lever. If two or more independent levers are provided a corresponding number of fulcrum adjusting pumps will be necessary.

Another feature of advantage of my im proved arrangement resides in the fact that the eccentric or driving means always tends to move the fulcrum to its no-load osition; i. 2., the one where the supply of uel will be 'ust enough to keep theengine running without load. To this extent my improved apparatus involves a safety or emergency means for preventing the engine from running awa 1f for any reason the speed gov ernor fai s' to work.

Further I am able to dispense with all dash-pots which are more or less objectionable, thereby decreasing the number of parts required and the cost of the apparatus as a whole.

In the accompanying drawings which illustrateone of the embodiments of my invention, Figure l is a artial end view of a multi-cylinder interna combustion engine showing parts of the pump actuating mechanism msection; Fig. 2 is a view partially in elevation and partially in section of the fuel pump; Fig. 3 is a plan view of thepump; Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken through one of the pump plungers; Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken through the discharge andsbypass relief valves of the ful crum actuating pump; Fig. 6 is a modification showing a balanced %i ston forming a bypass or relief valve; and ig. 7 is a detail view showin another modified form of bypass or relief valve for the fulcrum actuatmg pum 10. indicates one cylinder of a multi-cylinder oil engine in which air is compressed by the piston on its compression stroke to such temperature as will ignite the oil discharged into it by the pump, and by a supply of compressed air, the pressure of which is greater than that of the compression pressure of the engine, the admission of fuel and compressed air being under the control of a needle or other valve actuated by a cam shaft.

11 indicates a bracket that is secured to one side of the cylinder or other convenient support. As many of these brackets are provided as are necessary to support the cam shaft 12 which is driven by suitable gearing from the main shaft of the engine. As shown the shaft is provided with a gear 13 that meshes with a gear 14, both shown in dotted lines, the latter-being mounted on the vertical governor shaft 15. The connection between the governor shaft and the main engine shaft is not shown since it appears unnecessary to an understanding of this invention. Mounted on the shaft 15 is a speed governor 16 or any. suitable construction, thatis provided with amoving collar 17 with which the governor-lever 18 engages, said lever being pivoted at its left-hand end to a fixed support, the outer end being connected to the rod 19 for actuating the bypass or relief valve of the pump as will appear hereinafter. In.the event that it'is desired to control the speed of the engine by hand the speed governor maybe omitted and the rod 19 connected to'a hand operated device.

Mounted on the cam shaft is an eccentric 20 of suitable dimensions and surrounding it is an eccentric strap which is connected to the downwardly extending rod 21, the latter having a stroke of invariable length. The

lower end of the rod 21 is connected to the rocking pump actuating lever 22.

23ind1cates the fulcrum of the lever and 24 a cross-head by which the pump plungers are actuated. This cross-head 1s secured to the pump lever by links 25. The fulcrum 23 is carried by a movable element 26 which for convenience ma be termed a fulcrum carrying piston, sairl piston bein located in arylinder 27 which is supporte by the bracket 11 or other suitable means. The plungers of the pumps are arranged to discharge fuel on their down strokes and suck in charges of fuel on their up strokes. This means then that as thepump plungers move downward, the eccentric rod 21 moves upward, the result of this being to im art an upward thrust to the fulcrum23, w ich thrust is resisted by the fluid contained in the cylinder 27 between it and the u per end of the iston 26. The means for orcing liquid 1nto-the cylinder 27 will be dcscribed hereinafter.

Referring principally to Figs. 2v and 3, 28 indicates a tank or receptacle containing a body of heavy oil 29 that is suitable for burning in 'the engine. The supply of oil to the tank is regplated by a float 30 located in a small cham er, the object of which is to keep the ''fuel in the tank at a constant level. The fuel is admitted to the tank from a suitable source of supply by the pipe 31. The float 30 has a valve at its upper end which is arranged to open and close the entrance to conduit 31, as occasion requires. 32 is a draining hole usually closed by a pipe plug. 24 indicates the cross-head to which all of the pump plungers 33 are connected. Since the construction of all of these pum s is the same a'description of one of them will be sufficient.

Referring to Fig. 4, 33 indicates the plunger and 34 a cylinder having one or more lateral ports 35 formed therein, and through which oil is admitted from the tank to the cylinder. The pump plunger has a constant length of stroke, but its region of reciprocation varies with variations in the load on the engine. For example under no load conditions, the plunger 33 reciprocates in the region defined by the lines 36 and 37; for full load conditions the plunger reclprocates in the region defined by the lines 38 and 39; and for intermediate loads the pump plunger will reciprocate in intermediate regions. The pump is of the displacement type, thereby enabling me to dispense with suction valves, the oil flowing directly from the tank into the cylinder whenever the plunger moves upward by an amount sufficient to uncover the port or ports 40 indicates a discharge valve which is normally held against its seat by a compression spring 41. 42 indicates a pipe for carrying oil to one of the cylinders of the engine. As many of these pipes are provided as there are pumps and engine cylinders. Surrounding the pump cylinder is a compression spring 43 that rests on a cylinder clamping nut 44 at the bottom and a collar 45 carried by the plunger 33 at the top. From this construction it will be evident that the lever 22, referred to in connection with Fig. 1, forces the plunger downward while the spring 43 lifts it when the pressure due to the lever is removed.

Referring again to Fig. 2, 46 and 47 indicate guides for the cross-head that move up and down in hollow posts 48 carried by the bottom of the tank 28. Situated between these two posts is a pump which for convenience may be termed an auxiliary or fulcrumactuating pump, its function being to change the position of the pivot 23, Fig. 1, of the pump actuating lever. The plunger 49 of this pump is actuated by the crosshead 24 and moves within the cylinder 50 and hence its movements are in synchronism with those of the fuel pump plungers. Since the plunger is depressed by the crosshead and raised by a spring it follows that it has a constant length of stroke but unlike the fuel pumps it always discharges the same amount of oil for each stroke, although the region of reciprocation of the plunger changes with changes of the fuel pump plungers. The reason the pum discharges constant amountsof oil for eac stroke is due to the fact that it is provided with a suction valve 51 and a discharge valve 52. As shown these valves are of the ball type and are covered by screw-threaded plugs 53 by means of which their lift can be adjusted if desired. Fuel enters the pump through the suction valve 51 from the tank 28 that supplies oil to the other pumps and passes by way of the pipe 54 to the piston containing cylinder 27 of Fig. 1. On each successive stroke of this auxiliary pump a certain amount of fluid is discharged. Obviously, if this pump kept on uninterruptedly, it would force the fulcrum carrying piston 26 out of the cylinder 27. ,To prevent this, and also to insure the proper positioning of the fulcrum 23 of the pump lever to cause the pumps to deliver an amount of oil to the engine cylinders corresponding to the load thereon, the auxiliary pump is provided with a bypass or relief valve 55 best shown in Fig. 5. Situated directly under this valve is an actuating pin 56 carried by a. rocking arm 57 that is mounted on the horizontal spindle 58. The arm 57 is shown in side elevation in Fig. 2 partly in full and partly in dotted lines. The free end of this arm is connected to the governor actuated rod 19, so that as the speed of the engine increases the arm 57 and pin 56 carried thereby will open and bypass relief valve 55 to a greater or less extent, and fluid instead of passing by the pipe 54 to the fulcrum adjustmg means will be returned to the tank.

In the operation of the pump, the pump lever 22 is constantly being rocked to and fro by the eccentric 20 thereby imparting to the pum pistons a constant length of stroke. It IS evident that by changing the position of the fulcrum 23 that the region of reciprocation of the pump plungers will be varied without, however, changing the length of stroke. Since the working stroke of the pump is caused by a pull on the eccentric rod 21, the fulcrum carrying piston 26 always has a tendency to move upward, which tendency is resisted by the fluid entering the cylinder 27 from the pipe 54.

Fluid from the auxiliary pump is continually flowin into and out of the cylinder 27, the escape eing by the pipe 54 to the tank 28, this being in addition to the fluid escaping through the bypass valve under the control of the overnor. It will be seen when the engine 1s running at a constant speed and a certain amount of fluid is bein delivered by the auxiliary pump to the ulcrum adjusting cylinder 27, and the speed governor is permitting just enough fluid to enter the cylinder to accomplish this purpose, that if the speed increases or decreases more or less fluid will be admitted to the cylinder and the position of the fulcrum 23 will be correspondingly changed. The downward movements 0 the fulcrum 23 are cushioned by a spring 59 that surrounds a spindle 60, the latter sliding back and forth in a fixed holder 61.

Referring to Fig. 6, I have shown a slight modification; of my invention wherein the auxiliary pump is of substantially the same construction as previously described with this exception, that instead of employing a bypass or relief valve 55 of the ball type and raising it by an arm 57 actuated by the governor, a balanced piston valve 62 is provided that is moved up and down in the cylinder 63 to cover and uncover the port 64. When the piston is in the position shown, all of the fluid discharged by the auxiliary pump is free to flow through the passage 65, port 64 and cylinder 63 into the tank 28. The piston valve is attached to the rod 19 that leads to the speed governor and as the speed of the engine changes the position of the piston valve will be correspondingly changed to vary the outlet area of the port 64. It is evident that the theory of operation of the device is the same as that previously described. The arrangement has the advantage of being simpler and requiring a less number of parts, which is always desirable in pumps of this class.

It will be noted that each of the fuel pump cylinders is independently supported from the base of the tank or receptacle 28, Fig. 4. As a simple means for accomplishing this, each pump cylinder is provided with an enlargement forming a shoulder which is seated in a tubular shouldered projection 66 formed integral with the base of the tank. In assembling the cylinder is slipped into place from the under side and is clamped in position by the nut 44 previously referred to. The lower end of the cylinder is counter-bored to form a seat for and to receive and guide the discharge valve 40. The spring 41 for pressing the valve against its seat is contained in a screwthreaded plug 67 that may be moved in or out if desired to change the tension of the spring, although under ordinary conditions a spring will be set once for all. The tubular projection 66 is also provided with a small boss to receive the screw-threaded plug 68, the latter forming part of a cou pling 69 to hold the pipe 42 in place.

It is a very simple matter to take the pump apart and assemble it because after the rocking lever is disconnected, all of the plungers and the guides 46 and 47 can be removed by an upward movement. This gives access to each of the cylinders and to the valves. The auxiliary pump cylinder is also supported by the base of the tank 28 but in a slightly different manner. It is provided with two downwardly extending legs 70, Fig. 5. that receive short bolts 71 extending through from the bottom and serving to fasten the cylinder in place.

In Fig. 7 I have shown another modification of my invention directed to the bypass or relief valve and to the location thereof. In this figure. 27 indicates the cylinder and 26 the piston of the fulcrum position means. 54 indicates the pipe for conveying fluid under pressure from the auxiliary pump to the cylinder. 54 indicates the pipe for returning fluid from the cylinder to the tank. The pipe 54 in this instance and also in the structure previously described, has a relatively small bore so that a certain amount of fluid will always be maintained in the cylinder 27 and a certain amount will be flowing back to the tank. Connecting the pipes 54 and 54 is a bypass 72 containing a plug valve 73 that is actuated by an arm 74 which is attached to the rod 19 leading to the speed governor. This arrangement has the advantage that a shorter governing rod 19 can be employed; also that the arm 74 can be located in a. position where it is readily accessible and any leakage through the bypass 72 will be returned by the pipe 54 to the source of supply in the tank.

It will be observed in all of the forms of my invention illustrated that the fulcrum carrying means comprises two principal parts that are movable one with respect to the other, the part carrying the fulcrum being supported or positioned by fluid under pressure. This is important and possesses many highly advantageous features over structures of the prior art with which I am familiar. In the first place the work of adjusting the fulcrum is performed by the engine through the fulcrum actuating pump instead of by the speed governor. This means that the governor, because it only has to adjust a small valve, will respond more quickly to load changes than where it has to perform a substantial amount of work, and hence as the work to be done is less the governor may be made smaller for a given size engine. Since the fulcrum is fluid supported it can be adjusted very minutely to compensate for the slightest changes in load. As the fluid also acts as a. lubricant the wear on the parts will be reduced to a minimum which makes for closer regulation. The arrangement further has the advantage of simplifying the structure as a whole, reducing losses by friction and avoiding the use of various joints that would wear in time and impair the accuracy of the governing.

In accordance with the provisions of the patent statutes, I have described the principle of operation of my invention, together with the apparatus which I now consider to represent the best embodiment thereof; but I desire to have it understood that the apparatus shown is onl illustrative, and that the invention can be carried out by other means.

\Vhat I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent of the United States, is

1. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder and plunger arranged to slide one with respect to the the combination of a cylinder and plunger arranged to slide one with respect to the other to deliver fluid under pressure, an actuating means for imparting reciprocating strokes of invariable length to the plunger, and fluid pressure responsive means for varying the amount that said cylinder and plunger mutually slide one with respect to the other to vary the effective discharge of the pump.

3. In a pump of the character described, the combination of' a cylinder and plunger arranged to move one with respect to the other to deliver fluid under pressure, an actuating means for imparting reciprocating strokes of invariable length to one of said parts, a second pump, and a device receiving fluid from the second pump and responsive to changes in its pressure for varying the efl'ective stroke of said cylinder and plunger with respect to each other to vary the amount of fluid discharged thereby.

4. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder and plunger arranged to move one with respect to the other to deliver fluid under pressure, an actuating means for imparting reciprocating strokes of invariable length to one of said parts, a source of fluid under pressure, a device receiving fluid from the source for varying the effective stroke of said cylinder and plunger with respect to each other to vary the amount of fluid discharged thereby, and a valve means for controlling the passage of fluid from said source through said device.

5. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor having reciprocating strokes, a pivoted actuatorl for the plunger, a-bearing for the pivot of the actuator, and a fluid support for the bearing.

6. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, a rocking lever for actuating the plunger, a support for the fulcrum of the lever that is pos'tioned by a body of fluid under pressure, and a means whose movements are coordinated with those of the plunger for supplying the fluid to position the support.

7. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, an actuator for the plunger, means comprising a piston and cylinder for causing the actuator to vary the region of reciprocation of the plunger within the cylinder Without changing the length of its stroke, and an auxiliary pump for supplying fluid under pressure to the last named cylinder.

8. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a'plunger therefor having reciprocating strokes of constant length, a means for actuating the plunger, a fulcrum for the means, an auxiliary pump for maintaining a fluid pressure which positions the fulcrum to determlne the region of reciprocation of the plunger, and a governor means for controlling the auxiliary pump.

9. In combination, a pump whose plunger has reciprocating strokes, actuating means therefor, an auxiliary pump whose plunger moves synchronousl with that of the first named pump, the uid from the auxiliary pump controlling the action of said means to regulate the region of reciprocation of the plunger, and a governor controlled valve which regulates the effective delivery of fluid from the auxiliary pump.

10. In combination, a fuel pump comprising a cylinder and plunger, means for reciprocating the plunger, an auxiliary pump whose plunger moves in synchronism with that of the fuel pump, the discharge from which acts on said means and determines the effective action of the fuel pump, suction,

discharge and bypass valves for the auxil-' iary pump, and a speed governor receiving motion from the same source as the means for controlling the action of the bypass valve to varv the action of the auxiliary piston on the plunger reciprocating means.

11. In combination, a pump comprising a cylinder having a suction port therein, a plunger moving in the cylinder and arranged to close and open the port, a pressure seated discharge valve for the cylinder, an auxiliary pump comprising a cylinder and plunger therein whose movements are coordinated with those of the first plunger, suction and discharge valves for the auxiliary cylinder, an actuator for imparting strokes of constant length to both plungers, means responsive to the fluid delivered by the auxiliary pump for causing the actuator to vary the region of reciprocation of the plungers, and a governor means for regulating the discharge of fluid by the auxiliary pump.

12. In combination, a fuel pump, a ful' crum positioning pump, a rocking lever for reciprocating the lungers of both pumps, a fulcrum for the ever, a piston and cylinder for moving the fulcrum, said cylinder receiving fluid from the second named ump, means for constantly rocking the ever, and a governor means for controlling the passage of fluid from the second named pump to the cylinder.

13. In combination, a fuel pump, a fulcrum positioning pump, a rocking lever for reciprocating the lungers of both pumps, 9. fulcrum for the ever, a piston and cylln der for moving the fulcrum, a conduit conveyin fluid to the cylinderfrom the second name pump, a governor controlled valve regulating the flow of fluid through the conduit, and a second conduit conveying fluid from the cylinder back to the source of supply for the pumps.

14. In combination, a fuelpump, an auxiliary pump, a rocking lever one end of which reclprocates the plungers of both pumps, a means attached to the other end of the lever for actuating it, a fulcrum for the lever, a fluid actuated means acting on the same side of the lever as the actuating means receiving fluid from the auxiliary pump for positioning the fulcrum, and a governor means controlling the passage of fluid to said means.

15. In combination, a fuel pump, an auxiliary pump, a rocking lever, one end of which is connected to the plunger of the fuel pump, a driving shaft, a rod attached to the other end of the lever and moved by the shaft, :1 floating fulcrum for the lever, a fluid actuated means that acts on the same side of the lever as the shaft, and tends to move the fulcrum away from the shaft, a valve controlling the passage of fluid from the auxiliary pump to the said means, and a governor for controlling the valve.

16. In combination, a fuel pump having a plunger that has a constant length of stroke, an actuator therefor, means for moving the actuator at the same time permitting it to vary the region of reciprocation of the actuator, and a fluid pressure means that determines the region of action of the actuator, and means controlling the fluid pressure means whereby the effective delivery of the pump can be changed.

17. In combination, a multi-cylinder displacement fuel pump whose plungers have reciprocating strokes of constant length, an auxiliary pump, a rocking lever that simultaneously moves all of the pump plungers, a means for rocking the lever, suction, discharge and bypass valves for the auxiliary ump, a fluid pressure means that receives fluid from the auxiliary pump and positions the fulcrum of the lever, and a governor that raises the bypass valve from its seat as the s eed increases to cause said means to orten the effective strokes of the fuel pump by changing the position of the fulcrum.

18. In combination, a multi-cylinder fuel pump having reciprocating plungers, an auxiliary pump also having a reciprocating plun er, a fluid containing recepta'cle in whic the pumps are located and receive fluid therefrom, a lever for actuatin the plungers, a floating fulcrum for the ever, a fluid actuated means comprising a piston and cylinder that positions the fulcrum, a pressure conduit leading from the auxiliary pump to the cylinder, a second conduit returning fluid from the cylinder to the receptacle, an a bypass valve for controlling the flow of fluid through the pressure conduit.

19. In combination, a fuel pump having a reciprocating plunger, a lever for actuating it, a fulcrum for the lever, an auxiliary pump, a means receiving fluid from the auxiliary pump which positions .the. fulcrum, and a cushioning device for the fulcrum that acts in opposition to the fluid receiving means.

20. In combination, a fuel pump, an auxiliary pump, a lever for actuating the plungers of the pumps, a fulcrum for the lever, a means for ad usting the position of the fulcrum comprising a cylmder through which the auxiliary pump constantly discharges fluid and a piston, and means for bypassing more or less fluid from the auxiliary pump.

21. In a pump, the combination of a working cylinder, a plunger therefor, a pivoted actuator, means for constantly vibrating the actuator, a movable member that supports the pivot of the actuator, a contaiuer therefor in which said member moves, an auxiliary pump whose plunger moves in synchronism Wth the Working plunger and delivers fluid to the container on each working stroke, a by-pass which permits fluid to escape from the container, and a valve regulating the amount of fluid escaping throu h the by-pass whereby the position of t e member in the container is regulated.

22. In a pump, the combination of a working cylinder, a plunger therefor, a pivoted actuator, means for constantly vibrating the actuator, a movable member that supports the pivot of the actuator, a container therefor in which said member moves. an auxiliary pump supplying fluid to the container whose plunger moves in synchrouism with the working plunger and displaces the same amount of fluid on each working stroke, a by-pass which connects the pressure side of the auxiliary pump with its source of supply, a valve in said by-pass which determines the amount of fluid that passes to the container and also that Which escapes through the by-pass, and means for moving the by-pass valve.

23. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor having reciprocating strokesof in variable length, an actuator for the plunger, a fulcrum for the actuator, and means responsive to changes in fluid pressure for adjusting the position of the fulcrum to vary the region of reciprocation of the plunger.

' 24. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, an actuator for imparting reciprocating strokes to the plunger, a support for the actuator comprising two principal parts that are movable with respect to each other, means for supplying fluidnnder pressure to the support to cause relative movement of its parts, and means controlling the supply of said fluid.

25. In a pump of the character described,

the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor, a vibratory actuator for reciprocating the plunger, a fulcrum for the actuator, a piston and cylinder forming a support for the fulcrum, and means for forcing variable amounts of fluid into the cylinder to change the relative positions of said piston and cylinder.

26. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therefor having reciprocating strokes, a vibratory actuator for moving the plunger, a fluid pressure means for supporting the actuator, and a governor for determining the amount of fluid under pressure admitted to said means.

27. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger, an actuator therefor driven by the engine, a fulcrum for the actuator, a. support for the fulcrum comprising parts that are movable relative to each other, a pump driven by an engine which supplies fluid under pressure to the support to cause relative movement of said parts, and a means for regulating the amount of fluid supplied to said support to vary the effective delivery of the first named pump.

28. In a pump of the character described, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger, an actuator for the plunger, a means for imparting a vibratory stroke of constant length to the actuator, a fulcrum for the actuator, a support therefor comprising two principal parts that are in sliding engagement with each other. a. pump driven by the engine for supplying fluid to the support to cause relative movement of its parts to change the region of vibration of the actuator, and an adjustable valve which by its position determines the amount of fluid which flows from the second pump to the fulcrum support.

25'. In a pump of thc character dcscribcd, the combination of a cylinder. a plunger therefor. an actuator for the plungclg a fulcrum for the actuator. a support for the fulcrum comprisin, a piston and cvlinder.

a pump which dclircr fluid t thc last namcd cylindcr and thr ugh which it con tinuouslv flu\ a ralw whi h rcstricfs the flow of fluid from lhc crlindcr to change the rclativc positions of the piston and cvlindcr. and a means for adjusting the position of the valve.

30. The combination with an internal com bustion engine, of an engine operated fuel pump, an adjustable variable mechanism for varying the stroke of the pump, a power actuated member controlling the adjustable variable mechanism, means operated by the engine for supplying power for the said power device, and an engine operated governor controlling the power supplied to the power device.

31. Thecombination with an internal combustion engine, of an engine operated fuel sifpply, a variable mechanism for the said fuel supply, an engine provided power for moving the variable mechanism, and an en gine operated governor controlling the power supply for moving the variable mechanism.

32. The combination with an engine of the type described, of a fuel supply pump operated by the engine, a variable mechanism for controlling the movement of the pump, power actuating mechanism for the variable mechanism, engine provided power for the said power mechanism, and an engine operated'governor controlling the power supply according to the speed of the engine and thereby controlling the movement of the fuel pump by the speed of the engine.

33. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a fuel supply pump therefor, a variable mechanism operated by the engine and connected with the pump so vary the movement thereof, a power actuated mechanism adapted to control the said variable mechanism, an engine power supply for the power actuated mechanism, and an engine operated governor controlling the said engine power sup ly according to the speed of the engine or the purpose described.

34. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of a fuel supply pump, a variable link mechanism connecting the engine with the pump to vary the movement of the latter, a power actuated mechanism connected with and operating the variable link mechanism, an engine power supply for the power actuated mechanism, and an err gine operated governor controlling the said engine power supply for the purpose described.

35. The combination with an internal combustion engine, of an engine operated fuel supply, a variable mechanism for controlling the movement of the said supply, a fluid actuated mechanism connected with the said variable mechanism, an engine operated fluid supply for the fluidactuated device, and an engine operated governor controlling the fluid supply to the fluid-actuated device according to the speed of the engine.

ill). In a fuel pump, the combination of a cylinder member and a plunger member arranged to slide one with respect to the other to deliver fluid under pressure, an actuating means for imparting reciprocating strokes of invariable length to one of said members, and fiuid pressure actuated means for positioning one of said members relative to the other to vary the region of reciprocation.

37. In a fuel pump, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therein, a pivoted lever for imparting to said plunger reciprocating strokes of invariable length, and means for adjusting the pivot of the lever to vary the region of reciprocation of the plunger to regulate the amount of fuel delivered by the pump.

38. In a fuel pump, the combination of a cylinder, a plunger therein, an actuator for 1 the plunger having a movable fulcrum, a movable abutment connected to said fulcrum, means for subjecting said abutment to a variable fluid ressure to position the fulcrum for regulating the amount of fluid 23 delivered by the pump, and means for controlling such fluid pressure.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand this 8th day of February, 1912. HERMANN LEMP. Witnesses:

ALEX. F. MACDONALD, BENJAMIN B. HULL.

It is hereby certified that in Letters Patent No. 1,181,777, granted May 2, 1916,

upon the application of Hermann Lemp, of Erie, Pennsylvania, for an improvement in Pumps for Internal-Combustion Engines, errors appear in the printed specification requiring correction {LS follows: Page 3, line 90, for the word :uul"

read the; page 7, line 97, claim 33, or the word "so" read to; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office. I

Signed and sealed this 30th day of May, A. D., 1916.

V [SEAL] J. T. NEWTON,

Acting Commissioner of Patents. 

